Turn Your Old Gold Into Cash!

Sell Gold Sovereigns

In today's world there are many important coins that collectors love to get their hands on. One of the most popular types of coins is the British gold sovereign. These are coins that came into existence about 500 years ago and continue to be produced today. It's the British Gold Sovereign Coins' beauty and their interesting history that fascinates people.

British gold sovereign coins were first minted in 1489 to honor King Henry VII. When these coins were first produced they were 96% gold, which means they were 23 carats. However, Henry the VIII reduced the gold content to 92% or 22 carats. That's what's considered the gold standard (crown gold) today in both the United States and in England.

The actual weight of the British gold sovereign continued to be lowered more and more until it was locked in at just under a quarter of a Troy ounce (0.2354) in 1816. This remains to be the weight of a British gold sovereign coin today.

The British gold sovereign coin continues to be made today but it was discontinued for many years at a couple points in history. From 1604 to 1817 other coins were made in place of the British gold sovereign coins. The coins that were produced instead included guineas, Laurels, and Unites. Also, British gold sovereigns weren't produced between the years of 1933-1956.

Though British gold sovereign coins have been minted over a billion times through out the last few centuries that number is actually misleading. This is because during Victorian Times the Bank of England would remove half sovereigns and worn sovereigns from circulation. They would then take these coins and make them into new coins. This means that there are far less British gold sovereigns in existence.

Also, these coins were often used by Britain to pay debts to other countries. Then when the other country received the sovereigns they would melt the coin down for the gold. So this also produced a result of far fewer coins existing.

What this means is that there are not very many British gold sovereigns for collectors. In fact, it's estimated that only about 1% of coins that were produced are still in mint condition. The scarcity of the coins, along with their rich history, makes sovereign coins very valuable to many collectors.

Perhaps the most interesting part of the sovereigns' history is the use of the coins as "emergency money". During World War II fighter pilots - both British and American - carried British gold sovereign coins in case they were downed during battle. This piece of military history makes these sovereigns particularly valuable to some collectors.

Frequently Asked Questions

  1. QUESTION:
    Where can you sell a gold sovereign?
    I have a gold sovereign and would like to sell it, where is the best place to go and to get the best price?

    Many thanks :)

    • ANSWER:
      Do some research because value depends to some extent on date of minting and condition of coin. Dont get caught !.

  2. QUESTION:
    where can i sell Gold Sovereign in liverpool ?

    • ANSWER:
      On most street corners!

  3. QUESTION:
    Is it a good time to sell a gold sovereign from 1900 or is it best to wait for the global economy to improve?

    • ANSWER:
      Gold is currently at all time highs.

      However, are you looking to sell this as a piece of scrap metal or sell it for its numesmeric value?

      I would suggest taking it to an expert to get it valuated; they will tell you whether it'll fetch more as junk metal or by its own merit.

      Just watch out for anyone valuating it and making an on-the-spot offer; whatever you do, don't accept it, you can invariably guarantee at that point that they're looking to cut your throat on a deal.

  4. QUESTION:
    Buying Gold Coins - Sovereigns?
    The London Mint office is selling Gold Sovereigns (they just told me about a Kind Edward V11 (1904) which they want £299 for, in good condition.

    I checked internet and similar coins, albeit different years btw 1901 and 1911, are selling for less than £200, particularly on ebay.

    Please let me know if I am being severely deluded in being interested in these 'sollectibles'. I am doing it as an investment rather than a collector.

    Would I be much better of buying Krugerrand coins when i can afford it?

    Any advice on Royal Mint releases welcome as to their immediate and ultimate value. A gold newbie.

    • ANSWER:
      If you just want to invest in gold then buy new sovereigns, Krugerrands or any other gold coin. Kruger is good but if you cannot afford then buy sovereigns. Best to buy new ones as the are in perfect condition. Of course you can buy older coins like the one you quote. In these there is a premium above their intrinsic value (value of gold content). This premium should always be there, although like any investment the non-intrinsic value is variable according to supply and demand. For example if the 1904 coin is £99 more to buy than a new coin it should also be £99 more when you are selling.
      Contrary to one answer a Kruger is not 1oz pure gold. The coin weighs exactly one ounce and it is 91.67% pure (22K). To calculate the gold value take the current gold price (about 0). Convert to GBP or whatever currency you have (1.6533) multiply by 91.67% or 22/24 and you have the gold value

  5. QUESTION:
    Iwant to sell a 1898 Queen Victoria gold sovereign and buy a diamond ring with that money.?
    Do you think it is a good idea?

    • ANSWER:
      No, Its very bad idea to sell such a rare ring. I would wait until my pocket fills up for new jewelries and then go for new one but I will never sell a thing like 1898 Queen Victoria.

      Jewelocean

  6. QUESTION:
    How do I get the best money for selling gold coins?
    I have twelve gold sovereigns (old and new) that were given to me as a child on birthdays - my parent's thought gold was a good investment in the early 80's. I hear the cost of gold is high at the moment and would like to know how to capitalise on this.

    • ANSWER:
      Sell them one by one on eBay or to a good and trusted coin dealer.

      First find the Red Book value of each coin.

  7. QUESTION:
    what is the value of a gold sovereings?
    I have two gold sovereigns that i would like to sell but i have no idea
    about there resale value.
    They are both full size.

    • ANSWER:
      You can check prices for Gold Sovereigns here:

      http://numismatic-rare-mint.com/index.php?q=gold+sovereign

  8. QUESTION:
    Are all Gold Half Sovereigns 22ct?
    I am hoping to sell my Sovereign Ring, to gain some money to pay off the bills. I really want to know if all sovereigns are 22ct like i have read?

    I actually think it is a half sovereign (it is about 20 pence size)

    I don't want to end up losing a lot of money due to me being told that it is not 22ct!

    Any help is appreciated. If it helps i paid £300 for this ring. It has 4 Diamonds set in each corner of the ring setting, it is dated 1982.

    Am i likely to be able to gain back my money or lose a bit/lot?

    I have read that a 4g Half Sovereign in 22ct is worth approx £60 as scrap is this correct?
    It is a 9ct Ring Mount, would you say to remove the Sovereign from the Ring?

    • ANSWER:
      It is 22k. You could also work out the value of the ring (mount) I suspect the diamonds are worth zero. Why not try selling it on Ebay as a ring? You know the minimum amount (the gold value) so you may get more for the ring as a whole.Don't forget you will get slightly lower price for the 1/2 sovereign than a dealers selling price, but don't be tempted to take too much lower, after all gold is gold!
      Gold is about US5 an ounce. So weigh your items seperately. 22K is 22/24 of the weight x price and 9k is 9/24 Convert to GBP using current rate take off a few £ and Bob's your uncle. Try the manufacturing jewellers in Hatton Garden. See what sort of price thay offer.

  9. QUESTION:
    What is the value of a 22 carat gold half sovereign?
    I want to sell some Royal Mint jewellery (unwanted gifts) to a scrap gold/ second hand jewellery merchant but I don't know what it is worth. I have the following:
    A 9ct gold chain & cross bar (with 10 small diamonds) & a 22ct half sovereign pendant from 2003 - limited edition of 5000. Also a pair of 9ct gold earrings in a cross design with a small emerald in the centre & very small diamonds. Finally a sterling silver fine chain with pendant & 3 small sapphires. Can anyone help? What is the minimum I should take? I had a look on www.royalmint.com & the jewellery on there isn't cheap, but if you are selling it on second hand what sort of price can you expect to get?

    • ANSWER:
      You would be well advised to take them to a reputable jewellery store or two, or a reputable pawnbroker, they also buy scrap gold and will give you a fair price.

      Obviously you wont get full values as they need a margin for profit. If i were you i would also consider a reputable auction house as you might get a better price there, but get a valuation first and put a reserve on at 70% of full value.

      Good Luck.

  10. QUESTION:
    what quality gold are sovereigns.(1854)?
    i have one that is 1854 (rare young victoria) are they all 22ct? any help would be good as we want to sell it.

    • ANSWER:
      22 carat if it is genuine (there are a few forgeries around).

      Technical Specifications
      ==================
      For all modern gold sovereigns, i.e. from 1817
      Diameter 22.05 mm.
      Weight 7.98 grams.
      Alloy (Carats) 22
      Fineness (millesimal) 916.6
      Actual Gold Content (Grams) 7.315
      Actual Gold Content (Troy Ounces) 0.2354

      http://www.taxfreegold.co.uk/sovereignsinfo.html
      http://www.goldsovereigns.co.uk/fakes.html

  11. QUESTION:
    new gold sovereign coins?
    do banks or post offices in the uk sell gold coins

    • ANSWER:
      upper link is a virus don't go there. Not sure about your question....

  12. QUESTION:
    Year 2000 gold sovereign valuation confusion?
    I own a year 2000 gold bullion sovereign that was given to me when i was younger i was thinking about selling it, but when i looked into it, it appears to be worth more on online gold buying websites that just want the gold, than it does on ebay with the original frame etc. I find this strange as it is 22carat limited edition for the year 2000 by the royal mint. I thought it would be worth more as a collectable than as scrap metal? Can anybody suggest reasons for this?

    • ANSWER:
      Collectables gain value over time. It's only been eleven years since that coin was issued, so its value isn't that high yet.

  13. QUESTION:
    I have old Gold Sovereign coin?
    I have 2 Gold Sovereign coins written as follows on one side: GEORGIVS V D.G.BRITT:OMN:REX F.D.IND:IMP and a warrior riding a horse on the other side. it is of 1918 and 1925
    I would like to know the value and wish to sell them.
    I said i have two coins one is dated 1918 the other is dated 1925
    I have gone to a Jeweller to confirm its solid gold and in Mint condition

    • ANSWER:
      The value of your gold sovereign, is determined by the price a collector will pay, according to condition.
      At the moment of writing, gold is 0, per troy ounce.
      Please go to a reputable dealer, (see yellow pages)

  14. QUESTION:
    what is the true selling value today of the 1912 gold sovereign coin,?
    one side is King George and the other side is the guy on a horse slaying the dragon

    • ANSWER:
      Congratulations, it 's a great coin!

      Do you have a picture? Pershaps they can help you:

      http://www.galeon.com/tasacionesantiqua/Main.htm

  15. QUESTION:
    Could someone give me an estimate for the selling price of a 9ct gold full Sovereign, Queen victoria 1892?

    • ANSWER:
      i suggest trying to find a local antique shop and ask them about your piece. one cannot really give an estimate, without looking at the object. the person needs to see what condition the piece is in, and may need to know when i dates back to. hope this helps!

  16. QUESTION:
    how much is my gold sovereign ring worth?
    i apologise in advance if this sounds daft! I have a gold sovereign ring measuring 20mm in diameter. it has an image of st. george on horseback slaying a dragon, under the image it just says 'st.george medal' with no date. there is no image on the reverse of the coin, its just a reversed image of whats on top (been pressed)
    i also have no idea what carrat gold it is. i can make out G&TJ ? then 3blobs! given it a clean and looked under a magnifying glass but cant make it out! If i were to sell on ebay for example without having to go to a jewellers first to get it tested, what should i sell for?

    • ANSWER:
      Probably not worth getting tested. The ring has no value. There is little or no gold in it.

      If you are already positive that it is made of gold, try to get for it.

  17. QUESTION:
    where can I sell my antique full sovereign in sheffield?
    this is a queen victoria 9carat gold full sovereign mount and chain

    • ANSWER:
      you can try brammalls gold room in hillsborough near the sheffield wednesday ground, or theres a gold shop in town near division street

  18. QUESTION:
    King Fahd Causeway (Bahrain Causeway) - Commemorative Gold Medal?
    Please treat this as a legitimate question.
    (I hope it will come to the attention of someone in Saudi Arabia or Bahrain).

    Probably the most spectacular road construction project of all has been the building of the King Fahd Causeway, connecting the Saudi Arabian mainland with the island of Bahrain. On 11th November, 1982 it was opened jointly by King Fahd from Saudi Arabia and Sheikh Isa bin Salman Al-Khalifa from Bahrain. Both sovereigns are now dead.

    To commemorate the occasion of the causeway's opening, a splendid pure gold medal (coin) was issued.

    I have one of these gold medals (coins) in mint condition and still in its green box; although I cannot remember, how much it cost, it was quite expensive.

    I'm in my late 70's and times are hard for me, so I feel I may have to sell a prized possession.

    Can someone out there, in Saudia Arabia, Bahrain or in the U.K. or indeed anywhere in the world, advise me of the best way I should go about trying to sell my gold medal?

    • ANSWER:
      It would be worth looking at asking people like Christies or Sotherbys . It sounds like it is going to be worth a few quid so get the best poeple around to give you a valuation.
      On here you will only get a crowd of idiots suggesting things like using EBAY or something equally useless

  19. QUESTION:
    Gold and Silver Coins?
    I have a one 1 oz gold coin and a few 1 oz silver coins. These are sovereigns. Bought them about a year ago. If I sell them on ebay in India, do I need to pay VAT or capital gains tax on the purchase? What other taxes might apply? What if I don't declare this?

    • ANSWER:
      I think you are asking if the sale will be reported to a taxing agency? The simple answer is, no.

      Do you need to pay VAT? That's up to you. "Need" is a relative term.

      What if you get caught? What are the laws in your country? Probably a fine.

  20. QUESTION:
    Who sells Sovereign brand mens jeans?
    My boyfriend has a pair of Sovereign jeans that he really likes but are tearing and we can not figure out where he got them from. Anyone have any ideas what stores may carry them?

    Btw: the logo image is an S with a crown on top and wings on the sides, in gold.

    • ANSWER:

  21. QUESTION:
    I need a little help with investing in precious metals, not sure where to begin?
    For a long time I have been interested in making money through trading and investment. I am young and inexperienced, but have made £2000 profit buying and selling speedboats, I have another £1000 which I have saved. I would like to invest it in Gold, Palladium, Lithium or other precious metals.
    I am thinking of buying a gold testing kit, and buying old jewellery from my local area, and perhaps buying gold sovereigns with the other half of the money. I am not looking for people to tell me to not bother with this as it would be a good experience for me. I am not sure if buying the gold jewellery is a good idea as I would have to compete with the local pawn shops. However I would have the advantage of being friendly and mobile, I would be able to come to the clients.
    However I am not sure what to do with the gold when I have got it who to sell it to.
    I am not going to spend any money until I have spent a few months researching things but if you could point me in the direction of some websites, or want to offer me any more advice I would be very grateful. Thankyou in advacne

    • ANSWER:
      You can invest into ETF (exchange Trade Fund), which invest in to precious metals directly or not. For example ETF with ticker GLD: The investment seeks to replicate the performance, net of expenses, of the price of gold bullion. The trust holds gold, and is expected to issue baskets in exchange for deposits of gold, and to distribute gold in connection with redemption of baskets. The gold held by the trust will only be sold on an as-needed basis to pay trust expenses, in the event the trust terminates and liquidates its assets, or as otherwise required by law or regulation.

  22. QUESTION:
    a coin from the 15th century..does it worth anything ?
    i am not a coin collecter & i don't want to sell it..i had this gift when i was born..& would like to know what does it worth..
    its a gold Sovereign from Henry VII reign

    • ANSWER:
      yea i think it must be worth atleast a hundred dollars or even higher

  23. QUESTION:
    what would happen economically speaking?
    if,say,the U.S. was to sell off all its gold reserves(since gold price is at an all-time high). Any sovereign government which did this would still be 'wealthy' . .so what,if anything, would change?

    • ANSWER:
      The US has a high enough gold reserve (4,578 tonnes) to effect world prices. If the United States started selling off its gold reserves, it would flood the market, gold prices would drop world wide. In the long run, I believe nothing would change. The market would absorb the gold and adjust the price. The country selling, not much would change. The United States, selling all its gold would probably make about 300 billion dollars-500billion dollars depending on how world price fluctuate. That's a lot money for you or I but not much in the scheme of large governments.

  24. QUESTION:
    How much is it worth?
    There is a group of people who come round my area buying old gold, they give you cash right there and then but my dad just sold a 1982 sovereign ring to him for £40. Does anyone know if this is roughly how much it would be worth, because i have one but im not going to sell it to them if its worth more :L thanks in advance. (by the way i know this question isnt in the right category but i could find the right one)

    • ANSWER:
      A sovereign contains just under a quarter ounce of gold. That makes the coin worth US0 by itself. That is about 155 UK Pounds, and does not include the gold in the ring itself.
      It sounds like you got taken. Badly.

      Ouch.

  25. QUESTION:
    Purchasing a 2009 and 2011 Sovereign Coin from the Royal Mint. Any advice/suggestions please?
    My grandfather is interested in carrying on a family tradition of purchasing a gold sovereign coin for a new baby we're expecting in July but is having a lot of trouble tracking one down. I'm keen to help him find one but have had no luck with the Royal Mint and as I am no coin expert, I am afraid to purchase one from websites such as Ebay incase I am sent a counterfeit coin. Also the coins currently for sale on Ebay seem to be selling for £400+ and I don't want to part with a large amount of money on my grandfather's behalf unless the coin is genuine. Does anyone know of any better routes I could pursue? Or would anyone be able to advise me on what warning signs I could look out for when buying coins online so as to avoid any counterfeit coins? Any help/suggestions would be greatly appreciated! Thanks in advance

    • ANSWER:
      Go to your local coin shop. I'm not sure what gold is at right now, but believe it is over 00.00 an ounce. I would not buy anything through ebay unless I was an expert.

      This person on yahoo answers is an expert. I would email him/her.

      Taiping
      Member since: August 06, 2006

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      Email Taiping

  26. QUESTION:
    Are we going into a one world government or coming out from under it?
    1. China, India, the MidEast, and Russia were bit players or non-existent financial entities until the 1990's. India proved today that it is a major player in the gold market by single-handedly blasting the players who have been holding down the gold price for years. China, for all of its internal problems, is now the big kid on the block. Russia can crush Europe without firing a shot. All they have to do is to turn a few valves on various pipelines, and Europe grinds to a halt in the dead of winter. I don't think that any of these guys will quietly kneel down to an English-speaking world government. They want to make their own voices heard and accumulate as much power as possible.

    2. We have already had a one-world currency: the soon-to-falter dollar. The Bretton Woods agreements after WWII basically set up the dollar as a gold-equivalent, but Nixon crapped on that parade when he slammed the gold window shut on Charles DeGaulle's bony fingers. What we are seeing now is not the birth of a new one-world currency, but rather the death of a faded fiat currency whose handlers are intent on inflating it away in order to retain their elusive power for a few more weeks or days. If there is to be a new one-world currency, it will have a nice shiny yellow color. Most central banks have now stopped selling gold and are intent on restocking their gold stores. No other fiat currency can fill the dollar void, and I don't believe that anyone will take seriously any new fiat currency that is issued without a solid gold backing. Fiat is so 20th century.

    3. We have already had a one-world government: the wishes and demands of the United States. Everywhere we go, we insist on setting up naval or airforce bases, essentially occupying every country in the world except for a handful. When the Chinese invade Africa or South America, they build schools and hospitals and offer to trade in the local currency. The paradigm has shifted, and the old world government is on the way out. The new regime will be diversified, not centralized. The League of Nations and the United Nations were earlier attempts at centralized one-world government, and both organizations failed to hold up their ends of the bargain.

    4. The climate change treaty due to be signed next month has been viewed by some to be the harbinger of a new world government, but look at the countries who have refused to sign it: China and India. How is any world organization going to force those two countries to succumb to such assinine demands? How do you force China to do anything it refused to do? Nobody has any leverage whatsoever over them. They may have a tiny economy when compared to the United States, but they have so much inertia that, to move them in any direction is akin to moving an aircraft carrier with a rowboat: ain't gonna happen, no matter how much we "hope" we can "change" them. How can you have a one-world government when 25 percent of the population brushes off the new Powerz-dat-be?

    5. Will the good folks in the Great Republic of Texas, or our "friend", Hugo Chavez, or the North Korean nutjob even consider for one second the possibility of submitting to some out-there one-world government? I think not. With so much dissention, not to mention outright snubbing, how can any centralized government succeed?

    My conclusion is that we have already experienced a one-government, one-currency system, and it is now falling apart, leaving the way clear for a myriad of local sovereign governments to come to the fore. Gold is the once and future universal currency, and, unfortunately for us, the United States will lose its top-dog status. "

    • ANSWER:
      The value of America is still the greatest in the world. Our dollar is still the leader, not as valuable as before, but the world still wants our dollar and business. We have tried the one world concept through the UN but there is no corporation or control of assets nor principles of government to follow. Gold , diamonds, oil are fine products but are not of value in exchange of goods. The American dollar will bounce back. The world really needs us for their economy and militarily protection.
      America has through the past 50 years helped other nations to become solvent, have helped their economy grow, taught their people how to manufacture things which the world bought. The standard of living in the world has grown, at our expense, you might say, but it was necessary. We have fought two unnecessary wars, Vietnam and the present war conflict, these wars have cost us greatly. The money spent profited others, not us. American business-men have been foolish. We allowed the banking industry to tank, our auto industry to fold, because of greed and dishonesty.
      Things are looking up, GM may become solvent and start paying back the bailout loans next year. Home prices are starting to stabilize. Credit cards and loans are not piranhas anymore because of regulations.
      Its time that America becomes leader among equals, not top dog.!!!!!!!!!!!

  27. QUESTION:
    Should We Expect a Rise in Co-Op Based Personal Economics?
    The alternatives would seem to be trying to fix a broken system, that is on fire, and totally dysfunctional, and utterly unable to receive any information from outside it's broken self.

    or

    We can just do nothing and slide down the drain as the whole US economy and all US power in the world slides down the drain, so at least we didn't waste any effort trying to do anything to save ourselves ..

    or

    We could start building personal networks of Co-Op based economics.

    There are 1000 kinds of Co-Ops (food, clothing, toys, books, tools, fuel, vitamins, whatever).

    A sovereign individual who is in some way productive could join one or several co-operatives and make it a policy "I never buy anything from anybody that doesn't buy anything from me."

    These would all be considered restraints of trade, under the Sheman Act, the Clayton Act, the Robinson Patman Act etc, but with the government collapsing under its own weight and into it own corruption and filth, it is very unlikely that they will send a team of DOJ lawyers to your house to monitor and convict you of the crime of economic survival. Remember you have a right to a jury trial. The other folks on the jury might be doing the same thing or getting ready to.

    So, the sovereign individual, by necessity, operates maybe not so much in accordance with each and every rule that was popular in 1940. Necessity is often a legal excuse, and sometimes even a justification.

    Trading communes could link up, so many specialized communes can trade through hubs. This is on a members only basis. Membership is protected by freedom of association guarantees in the First Amendment, that's why some country clubs still get to pick and choose their members. Trading communes are like clubs not like public markets. They are more like intra-nets or LANs than they are like the Internet.

    To stay viable they need two things -- They need legacies -- fairly large ones -- help defray their very frugal but unavoidable administrative and legal expenses. There are tons of rich people in USA. Some believe in the sovereign inidividual concept. They want to see more of it, instead of a sluide into socialism and finally into anarchy. So legacies are a possibility. If PBS and NPR can get them, why not Economic Self-Reliance Communes?

    The other thing that's needed is exports. But not exports to China. Just to outside the Commune. Stuff has to be created within the commune and sold to outsiders for gold, or cash that is immediately converted into gold. This is called Merchantilism -- and it was the entire basis of the economic success of USA during the period 1787 till 1887. It does work. And the exporting is easy -- just take the stuff down the block, sell it at a farmer's market, sell it on Ebay, or Craig's list. It's exporting because it is merchantilist trading with an outside economic actor.

    Hard cash is needed even by sovereign individuals because they can't make their own patent pharmaceuticals. They have to trade with the world for that. They can't do their own surgical operations. They can't build their own computer chips. So, for some things there has to be disposable hard cash. That means the Commune must have a source -- Legacies and Exports.

    Three basic choices (1) fix an unfiaxable system (2) passively go down the drain with it or (3) unplug from it and start an alternative economics -- a new reality, when the old one won't do.

    In management this third option would be an example of the Blue Ocean Strategy, first made popular by the Boston Consulting Group.

    It's for smart people.

    So thank goodness for the First Amendment -- not every highway has to be a public highway.

    Networks of Trading Communes linked together by quality control, well designed goods, and free flow of information -- everybody in the system gives good weight -- liike Bob Dylan said -- when you live outside the law you MUST be honest.

    This does not bring down capitalism. It does not bring down socialism. It bypasses both with harm to neither. It's inherently convivial -- live and let live. Exercise your liberty or you don't merit its continuance!

    • ANSWER:
      I respectfully differ with Bored Goblin: if employee ownership can work in a company as large as Publix Supermarkets, and it works well enough that Kroger tends to avoid going head-to-head against Publix, the only Krogers left in Florida being standalone drugstores, then I see no reason that hospitals and manufacturing firms cannot follow the cooperative model.

      Some years ago on MacNeil/Lehrer instead of doing the usual Hallmark Card boilerplate Thanksgiving story an economist did a report on the economic history of the Pilgrim and Puritan colonies: They failed as Corporations because the workers did not achieve their maximal productivity for the benefit of absentee owners, they failed as collectives because the free riders floated along at the expense of the producers, but succeeded as cooperative ventures where the rewards of productivity were more equitably portioned, thus giving the workers greater incentive to work hard and well.

  28. QUESTION:
    "China calls time on dollar hegemony", What's happening 2 dollar as reserve currency? Y's Fed not audited yet?
    http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/china-business/6266790/China-calls-time-on-dollar-hegemony.html#

    "You can date the end of dollar hegemony from China's decision last month to sell its first batch of sovereign bonds in Chinese yuan to foreigners.

    Beijing does not need to raise money abroad since it has trillion (£1.26 trillion) in reserves. The sole purpose is to prepare the way for the emergence of the yuan as a full-fledged global currency.
    "It's the tolling of the bell," said Michael Power from Investec Asset Management. "We are only beginning to grasp the enormity and historical significance of what has happened."
    It is this shift in China and other parts of rising Asia and Latin America that threatens dollar domination, not the pricing of oil contracts. The markets were rattled yesterday by reports – since denied – that China, France, Japan, Russia, and Gulf states were plotting to replace the Greenback as the currency for commodity sales, but it makes little difference whether crude is sold in dollars, euros, or Venetian Ducats.
    What matters is where OPEC oil producers and rising export powers choose to invest their surpluses. If they cease to rotate this wealth into US Treasuries, mortgage bonds, and other US assets, the dollar must weaken over time.
    "Everybody in the world is massively overweight the US dollar," said David Bloom, currency chief at HSBC. "As they invest a little here and little there in other currencies, or gold, it slowly erodes the dollar. It is like sterling after World War One. Everybody can see it's happening."
    "In the US they have near zero rates, external deficits, and public debt sky-rocketing to 100pc of GDP, and on top of that they are printing money. It is the perfect storm for the dollar," he said.
    "The dollar rallied last year because we had a global liquidity crisis, but we think the rules have changed and that it will be very different this time [if there is another market sell-off]" he said.
    The self-correcting mechanism in the global currency system has been jammed until now because China and other Asian powers have been holding down their currencies to promote exports. The Gulf oil states are mostly pegged to the dollar, for different reasons.
    This strategy has become untenable. It is causing them to import a US monetary policy that is too loose for their economies and likely to fuel unstable bubbles as the global economy recovers.
    Lorenzo Bini Smaghi, a board member of the European Central Bank, said China for one needs to bite bullet. "I think the best way is that China starts adopting its own monetary policy and detach itself from the Fed's policy."
    What do you think?

    • ANSWER:
      Austrian economists have been warning for years that at some point, the creditors will get tired of carrying the debtors and wary of the value of the debt they're buying.

  29. QUESTION:
    LADIES PLEASE HELP with my hunt for this necklace! xxxxx?
    I am looking for the necklace that vanessa gold (max's girlfriend) wears in eastenders. It has multiple chains on it and has largish coins hanging from it. the exact picture is in this link : http://www.polyvore.com/multi_chain_sovereign_coin_necklace/thing?id=15851562 please help! i cannot find it anywhere to buy and absolutely love it!!! Ive checked the reiss website and they dont sell it anymore :(

    • ANSWER:
      This one is VERY similar and super super super cheap. But you have to wait until it comes in stock.
      http://www.asos.com/countryid/2/Asos/Asos-Multi-Layer-Chain-And-Coin-Necklace/Prod/pgeproduct.aspx?iid=458183&cid=4175&clr=Gold&sh=0&MID=35719&affid=2135&siteID=mH0jcSTu4.0-.Gsx12z_vf9Pd1_nuCjqKA

  30. QUESTION:
    Don't you just love these bible quotes?
    As for you, son of man, prophesy: Thus says the Lord GOD against the Ammonites and their insults: A sword, a sword is drawn for slaughter, burnished to consume and to flash lightning, because you planned with false visions and lying divinations to lay it on the necks of depraved and wicked men whose day has come when their crimes are at an end. Return it to its sheath! In the place where you were created, in the land of your origin, I will judge you. I will pour out my indignation upon you, breathing my fiery wrath upon you, I will hand you over to ravaging men, artisans of destruction. You shall be fuel for the fire, your blood shall flow throughout the land. You shall not be remembered, for I, the LORD, have spoken. (Ezekiel 21:33-37 NAB)

    Then I saw a vision of the Lord standing beside the altar. He said, "Strike the tops of the Temple columns so hard that the foundation will shake. Smash the columns so the roof will crash down on the people below. Then those who survive will be slaughtered in battle. No one will escape! "Even if they dig down to the place of the dead, I will reach down and pull them up. Even if they climb up into the heavens, I will bring them down. Even if they hide at the very top of Mount Carmel, I will search them out and capture them. Even if they hide at the bottom of the ocean, I will send the great sea serpent after them to bite and destroy them. Even if they are driven into exile, I will command the sword to kill them there. I am determined to bring disaster upon them and not to help them." (Amos 9:1-4 NLT)

    Stand in silence in the presence of the Sovereign LORD, for the awesome day of the LORD's judgment has come. The LORD has prepared his people for a great slaughter and has chosen their executioners. "On that day of judgment," says the LORD, "I will punish the leaders and princes of Judah and all those following pagan customs. Yes, I will punish those who participate in pagan worship ceremonies, and those who steal and kill to fill their masters' homes with loot. "On that day," says the LORD, "a cry of alarm will come from the Fish Gate and echo throughout the newer Mishneh section of the city. And a great crashing sound will come from the surrounding hills. Wail in sorrow, all you who live in the market area, for all who buy and sell there will die. "I will search with lanterns in Jerusalem's darkest corners to find and punish those who sit contented in their sins, indifferent to the LORD, thinking he will do nothing at all to them. They are the very ones whose property will be plundered by the enemy, whose homes will be ransacked. They will never have a chance to live in the new homes they have built. They will never drink wine from the vineyards they have planted. "That terrible day of the LORD is near. Swiftly it comes – a day when strong men will cry bitterly. It is a day when the LORD's anger will be poured out. It is a day of terrible distress and anguish, a day of ruin and desolation, a day of darkness and gloom, of clouds, blackness, trumpet calls, and battle cries. Down go the walled cities and strongest battlements! "Because you have sinned against the LORD, I will make you as helpless as a blind man searching for a path. Your blood will be poured out into the dust, and your bodies will lie there rotting on the ground." Your silver and gold will be of no use to you on that day of the LORD's anger. For the whole land will be devoured by the fire of his jealousy. He will make a terrifying end of all the people on earth. (Zephaniah 1:7:18 NLT)

    I'd love to see how you guys weasel out of this one convinced your god is a loving god.

    │▒│ /▒/
    │▒│/▒/
    │▒ /▒/─┬─┐
    │▒│▒|▒│▒│
    ┌┴─┴─┐-┘─┘ ●●PeAcE OwT●●
    │▒┌──┘▒▒▒│
    └┐▒▒▒▒▒▒┌┘
    └┐▒▒▒▒┌┘

    • ANSWER:
      we should read these to children on the street and see how christian parents react. I bet they'd be super pissed until you told them its from the bible.

  31. QUESTION:
    How can God be good if he wrote this?
    "Stand in silence in the presence of the Sovereign LORD, for the awesome day of the LORD's judgment has come. The LORD has prepared his people for a great slaughter and has chosen their executioners. "On that day of judgment," says the LORD, "I will punish the leaders and princes of Judah and all those following pagan customs. Yes, I will punish those who participate in pagan worship ceremonies, and those who steal and kill to fill their masters' homes with loot. "On that day," says the LORD, "a cry of alarm will come from the Fish Gate and echo throughout the newer Mishneh section of the city. And a great crashing sound will come from the surrounding hills. Wail in sorrow, all you who live in the market area, for all who buy and sell there will die. "I will search with lanterns in Jerusalem's darkest corners to find and punish those who sit contented in their sins, indifferent to the LORD, thinking he will do nothing at all to them. They are the very ones whose property will be plundered by the enemy, whose homes will be ransacked. They will never have a chance to live in the new homes they have built. They will never drink wine from the vineyards they have planted. "That terrible day of the LORD is near. Swiftly it comes – a day when strong men will cry bitterly. It is a day when the LORD's anger will be poured out. It is a day of terrible distress and anguish, a day of ruin and desolation, a day of darkness and gloom, of clouds, blackness, trumpet calls, and battle cries. Down go the walled cities and strongest battlements! "Because you have sinned against the LORD, I will make you as helpless as a blind man searching for a path. Your blood will be poured out into the dust, and your bodies will lie there rotting on the ground." Your silver and gold will be of no use to you on that day of the LORD's anger. For the whole land will be devoured by the fire of his jealousy. He will make a terrifying end of all the people on earth. (Zephaniah 1:7:18 NLT)

    • ANSWER:
      a man wrote that, gods are fictional.

  32. QUESTION:
    god human slaughter fest?
    Stand in silence in the presence of the Sovereign LORD, for the awesome day of the LORD's judgment has come. The LORD has prepared his people for a great slaughter and has chosen their executioners. "On that day of judgment," says the LORD, "I will punish the leaders and princes of Judah and all those following pagan customs. Yes, I will punish those who participate in pagan worship ceremonies, and those who steal and kill to fill their masters' homes with loot. "On that day," says the LORD, "a cry of alarm will come from the Fish Gate and echo throughout the newer Mishneh section of the city. And a great crashing sound will come from the surrounding hills. Wail in sorrow, all you who live in the market area, for all who buy and sell there will die. "I will search with lanterns in Jerusalem's darkest corners to find and punish those who sit contented in their sins, indifferent to the LORD, thinking he will do nothing at all to them. They are the very ones whose property will be plundered by the enemy, whose homes will be ransacked. They will never have a chance to live in the new homes they have built. They will never drink wine from the vineyards they have planted. "That terrible day of the LORD is near. Swiftly it comes – a day when strong men will cry bitterly. It is a day when the LORD's anger will be poured out. It is a day of terrible distress and anguish, a day of ruin and desolation, a day of darkness and gloom, of clouds, blackness, trumpet calls, and battle cries. Down go the walled cities and strongest battlements! "Because you have sinned against the LORD, I will make you as helpless as a blind man searching for a path. Your blood will be poured out into the dust, and your bodies will lie there rotting on the ground." Your silver and gold will be of no use to you on that day of the LORD's anger. For the whole land will be devoured by the fire of his jealousy. He will make a terrifying end of all the people on earth. (Zephaniah 1:7:18 NLT)

    god seems to be a dick

    • ANSWER:
      God is never wrong.

  33. QUESTION:
    Which President or era was the cause of a non-sovereign government?
    Recently I have written to our administration about the issues of our Gold and platinum currency. We currently have and 0 denomination in gold mints that are being sold for the price of their metals. This is an embarrassment. I wonder how America can be so rich and yet struggle so much at the same time. The mindset of the people and how we value objects has been twisted. If we look at the average price of a car and divide it by the current cost of gold we end up with a denominate value in the price of Gold of about 1000 dollars for the average automobile. Which correctly means no prices have increased in 1912. This is where our younger generation comes to understand the old timers and their beliefs a bit more.

    The issue becomes an outrage. Our own currency is being sold to us at the level of the precious metal itself. It can only make people feel foreign in their own nation. I spoke of the occurrence of easy manipulation of resale and what would be needed.Currently magnetic bar coding with national long distance barriers would be a solutions as well as lead embedded gold mixture to make the process difficult for most to refine.

    The only time mints will be melted down is when foreign nations find right to do so, which will be rare and likely with permissions and diplomacy.(mass competitive production with dependency and no other means of payment to balance)

    This is simply all an outrage, So whom is to blame, who's administration decided they were too weak and feeble to place gold in to currency.

    Remember currency is just that, it moves in currents. a 50 dollar bill will move several hundred times. With notes people become confused to the basis it was printed off of. Creating notes simply states someone decided to print based on things outside the nature of gold. It becomes even more harsh. If you released money based on production say an IPhone for 500 1 dollar notes to the public and they purchase. Apple now has that money to pay their expenses as well as pay for their personal assets. Inevitable you arrive at the conclusion the company itself has to be based off of Gold or Platinum assets.

    Still no one has the right to charge any person notes for their own currency, which inevitably dilutes the nation. Even if one say people are based on production, they must conclude that the precious metal base of the companies (Gold and Platinum) is in part portion of the people . This then moves into recognized birth, method of acceptable structure, Nation adoption, immigration, etc.

    What we know is there are over 200 billion dollars in gold assets. Of course these must be recognized internationally and with diplomacy. Assuming notes can be exchanged amongst the people based on the productions of company assets. This would allow for nearly every American to be wealthy and continuous creation of new assets. We must conclude one has the right to remove his assets from an base of any company with reasonable cause and invest oneself into any asset base of an equal exchange.

    We then conclude that any number of Americans are recognized at any one time. What is the basis with so many foreign companies in America? Technically one can see foreign companies having to base their own gold on Americans. Which obviously creates a treasonous approach to Americans of lesser intelligence. Pushing ones productivity towards foreign goods.

    The reason I say lesser intelligence here is the system becomes quite complex and can become sensitive with a few false measures. This intern means that the only basis of worth is within the structure and without it add no value to the appreciation of anything short of residual value. I believe it has become a common practice to place young adults at their residual value. As the adoption of incorrect individuals likely deprived from true American sophistication find comfort in perversion and distortion of those whom truly end up benefiting America. They even find control of the American Sophisticate.

    This is why I continuously preach the importance of our Wealth such as Donald Trump and several others to place intelligence into whom they marry as their placing unforeseeable influences on American society. The number one answer to all negative allocations is to remove oneself and step outside the order as the chains of contamination are checked.

    We as people are certain what most based control off of has very little and narrow control, even this can be used as a distant tool to pressure society away from becoming what it should be.

    I am curious to what you think and would like the answer to the administration that placed precious metal coins outside of the public currency. I do not believe Notes were ever meant to be the major source of circulation.

    • ANSWER:
      Sorry to tell you, but your grasp of basic economics and monetary policy is nonexistent.

  34. QUESTION:
    IS THIS INFORMATION ACCCURATE OF AFRO CENTRIC LIES?
    Ghana (AD 5th-13th)
    A rich and powerful gold kingdom.

    "He is the richest sovereign on Earth."
    -Ibn Hawkel, 10th century North African geographer on Ghana's king

    Mali (AD 13th-15th)
    An empire larger than Western Europe. Its prosperity and morality gave the empire great international prestige.

    "It's inhabitants are rich and live comfortably."
    -Mahmud Kati, famous medieval Syrian scholar

    Songhay (AD 11th-17th)
    An Empire larger than Mali that was renowned for its scholarly culture and complex government.

    "(Surpassed) all other Negroes in wit, civility, and industry."
    -Leo Africanuas, 16th Century Spanish Moor

    Kongo (AD 14th-17th)
    A provincial government with an advanced system of checks and balances.

    Zimbabwe (AD 10th-15th)
    A feudal kingdom that has obtained fame for its large stone structures.

    . The Greek historian Lucian (125?-90) wrote that the Ethiopians (name for all black people), "Being in all else wiser than other men," invented astrology and taught it to the Egyptians.1 Aristotle (398-332BC) believed that, "The races that live in…. Europe are full of courage and passion but somewhat lacking in skill and brain power

    There are many examples of the Greeks and Romans' high regards for the intelligence of black people. In Heliodorus's play, an Ethiopian King was a model of wisdom, righteousness, and magnanimity

    Many Arabs in the Middle Ages believed they were superior mentally to all people--they showed contempt for lighter and darker skinned people--although they seemingly held blacks in higher esteem than whites. The Muslim scholar Sa'id al-Andalusi wrote: "They (whites) lack keenness of understanding and clarity of intelligence, and are overcome by ignorance and dullness, lack of discernment, and stupidity.

    The Asian Mongols also believed that whites were innately inferior. Between 1237 and 1242 the Mongols ruled over Russia and much of central Europe. They grew wealthy selling white slave

    Medieval European and Arabs who visited African kingdoms praised the blacks for their intelligence. Duarte Pires, writing to the king of Portugal about the people of Benin, told his king, "they are very good learners
    oops

    I didnt mean to say of

    I mean to say or

    • ANSWER:
      Why are you referring to these statements as lies? It appears to me that you've documented them, and if independent corroboration is present, that certainly lends strength to the side of the statements being true.

      I guess I'd really like to know exactly what it is you''re asking.

  35. QUESTION:
    Atheists...How could these Bible prophecies come to past?
    Let me first start out by sayint that the following presented here a Prophecies unrelated to the birth of the Jesus. Rather they are historical events that hppened after these prophecies.

    1.Tyre would be attacked by many nations, its fortress will also come down:

    Amos 1:9-10:

    This is what the Lord says: "For three sins of Tyre, even for four, I will not turn back [my wrath]. Because she sold whole communities of captives to Edom, disregarding a treaty of brotherhood, I will send fire upon the walls of Tyre that will consume her fortresses." Approximate date of prophecy: 750 B.C. -Alexander the great sieged Tyre around 300 B.C.

    Ezekiel 26:3:

    therefore this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I am against you, O Tyre, and I will bring many nations against you, like the sea casting up its waves.

    Zechariah 9:3-4:

    Tyre has built herself a stronghold; she has heaped up silver like dust, and gold like the dirt of the streets.But the Lord will take away her possessions and destroy her power on the sea, and she will be consumed by fire.

    Verification:

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre
    Ezekial was written circa 500 B.C. roughly 200 years before Alexander's siege. Zecharai was written about 586 B.C...

    • ANSWER:
      well, if you piss off a lot of people, they are bound to retaliate. tyre pissed off a bunch of people, those people fought back.

      thats common fucking sense, i dont need a bible to tell me what any history book could

  36. QUESTION:
    Israel preparing to launch a strike against Iran?
    Is this a non-story or is this something we should all be concerned about?

    Military experts are seldom asking anymore if Israel will pre-empt a strategic strike upon Iran’s nuclear site(s). Mostly, they now ponder the possibility that a strike is imminent and potentially disastrous for world economies still struggling from the global financial crisis. Such a strike runs the real risk of opening a Pandora’s Box in the Middle East and one of the casualties could be the flow of oil presently coursing steadily through the Strait of Hormuz.

    Iran’s apocalyptic minded president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, has publicly threatened the closing of Hormuz in retaliation for an Israeli or American strike upon his country. Additionally, two significant correlating events made the news in May, 2010. First, the Islamic Republic of Iran warned that it would launch terrorist attacks and suicide strikes inside of America in the event of a strike upon Iranian soil. Second, the Iranian Navy conducted a massive war exercise in the Strait of Hormuz, and Persian Gulf called “Judgment Day.” This drill reportedly demonstrated Iran’s sole and sovereign ability to control those strategic bodies of water.

    Regarding the possibility of Iran playing the “OIL CARD” against America, on September 15, 2009 The Wall Street Journal published a Bret Stephens article entitled “Obama is pushing Israel toward war.” In the article Stephens suggested that a Middle East War could push the price of oil up to 0 per barrel. Lately, on average that precious black gold has been closing between to per barrel. Stephen’s estimate suggests an oil dependent world could be about to experience a spike at the pump of about four times the present amount. Iran still ranks number two behind Saudi Arabia in the OPEC oil cartel, which is responsible for two-thirds of the world's oil supply.

    Are Americans, Chinese, and Europeans ready for such a steep increase? Such a dramatic and possibly overnight rise in the price of oil would certainly spill over into the economic essentials of their respective societies. Presently, America is the number one consumer of Oil and China ranks number two. Americans could expect to feel pain in the waiting lines at the pump and in their pocket books, as increased transportation costs would certainly be reflected in the price of goods sold over the retail counters across the country.

    • ANSWER:
      Many Muslims believe it is a fake battle of words. In actual
      fact Iran is aligned with Israel and USA. US could not have
      invaded Iraq and Afghanistan without tacit support of Iran.
      Iran is patronizing the all shia government of Iraq. USA has
      also promised to give oil rich eastern province of Saudi Arabia
      to Iran.

      So, nothing is going to happen, except for some hard hitting
      statements from Israel, US and their cronies.

      Muhammad Javed Iqbal


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